Showing posts with label Asthma Attack. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Asthma Attack. Show all posts

Saturday, October 25, 2008

Facts on Asthma

Asthma is a condition where the airway in humans constricts, gets inflamed and is lined with mucus. The condition though generally associated with humans, is also being controversially diagnosed in house pets.

Asthma attacks are triggered by exposure to environmental stimulants like cold or warm or moist air, perfume or exertion/emotional stress. In the case of children, it is observed that the common triggers are viral illnesses.

The airway narrowing condition in asthma causes breathlessness, wheezing and coughing. This airway constriction is eased with the help of bronchodilators. It is common between episodes for the patients to feel well or exhibit mild symptoms.

The symptoms of mild to life threatening asthma can be controlled with a combination of medication and a change in the immediate environment. Research reveals that in the developed world, this killer is affecting up to one in four urban children!
Asthma is characterized by chronic respiratory impairment, episodic symptoms triggered by upper respiratory infection, stress, airborne allergens and air pollutants.

An acute exacerbation exhibits clinical hallmarks such as shortness of breath and wheezing and in the late stages of an asthma attack, the air motion may be so impaired that no wheezing may even be heard. If the patient coughs, clear sputum is produced.

The signs of an asthmatic episode include prolonged expiration, a rapid heart rate, lung sounds that are audible only through a stethoscope, pulse that is weaker during inhalation and stronger during exhalation and over-inflation of the chest cavity.

During a serious asthma attack, the sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles of the neck are exerted causing the asthma sufferer to turn blue due to the lack of oxygen. The patient can also suffer the loss of consciousness and just before the loss of consciousness, the patient feels numbness in the limbs and experiences sweaty palms.

Asthma is caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The interaction of these factors influences how severe a person’s asthma is and the probability of how well the patient is likely to respond to medication.

It is observed that asthma prevalence has increased in developed countries with the increase in the use of antibiotics, c-sections and cleaning products. All of these negatively affect exposure to beneficial bacteria and other immune system modulators.

There are a number of environmental risk factors associated with asthma. These include traffic pollution, high ozone levels, tobacco smoke and maternal cigarette smoking, viral respiratory infections at an early age, use of antibiotics early in life, caesarean sections and psychological stress.

Many genes are related to the immune system and modulating inflammation. However, research results have not been consistent among all of the populations and hence, it is deduced that the genes are not associated with asthma under every condition.

Inflamed airways and bronchoconstriction in asthma as a result of the inflammatory response cause wheezing. During an asthma episode, the inflamed airways react to environmental triggers and produce excess mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe.

Stimulus to a trigger include waste from household pests, pollen and spores, indoor air pollutants like perfumed products, soap, dishwashing and laundry detergent, fabric softener, paper tissues and towels, hairspray and gel, cosmetics, facial sun cream, air freshener and products such as oil-based paint, medication like asprin and beta blockers, food allergies, presence of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide etc.

Hormonal changes in women associated with the menstrual cycle can worsen asthma. Some women experience their asthma improving during pregnancy. Emotional stress can also affect breathing temporarily and so can cold weather and high altitude.

It is recognized that patients who suffer from obstructive sleep apnea and bronchial asthma, often improve when the former is diagnosed and treated.

Asthma is cured with the reversibility of the condition that occurs either spontaneously or with treatment. A physician diagnoses asthma on the basis of the patient's clinical history and examination. The measurement of the airway function is possible for adults. Diagnosis in children is based on analysis of the medical history and subsequent improvement.

With the proper use of prevention drugs, asthmatics can avoid the complications. However, it is observed that asthmatics stop taking preventive medication when they feel fine and this then results in further attacks.

Article By Gaynor Borade

Monday, October 20, 2008

Asthma Attacks And Air Temperature

Patients should also consider air temperature. Cold air is extremely irritating in patients with bronchial asthma and may produce severe attacks. Individuals with asthma appear to warm cold air less quickly and efficiently than nonasthmatics. This warming takes place in the large air passages of the nose, sinuses, throat, and windpipe. One simple measure patients should take is to wrap the face with a scarf that warms air before it is inhaled. A cold air mask is commercially available and may provide more protection in the winter.

How to Avoid Severe or Fatal Asthma Attacks


Patients who experience severe or near-fatal asthma attacks must be active participants in monitoring and managing their asthma. Several characteristics of fatal or near-fatal asthma attacks stand out and I emphasize them here.

There is usually a period of falling airflows and increased wheezing, cough and shortness of breath that precedes a severe attack. In this critical time the introduction of oral cortcosteroid or an adjustment of maintenance treatment may prevent a near-fatal asthma attack. Unfortunately,patients with severe and subsequently fatal asthma often experience denial of their condition and symptoms. These patients are particularly vulnerable to fatal attacks, since they often disregard instructions to monitor flows and take medications. Usually, these patients admit to self-medication without communication with the physician, lowering dosages or omitting entirely oral and inhaled corti co steroids (for fear of side effects despite a life-threatening disease), and reducing the number of sprays from the recommended dosages of B-agonists, cromolyn, and nedocromil.

It is not clear why these patients place themselves at greater risk through denial of their disease and lack of communication with physicians. Unfortunate childhood experiences may playa role in how an adult deals with disease. Poor rapport with the physician or lack of detailed understanding of the nature of asthma may also be factors. It is only through education that patients may reach a better understanding of the potential severity and life-threatening aspects of bronchial asthma. Professional counseling may be necessary to reduce denial and to enlighten patients as to why they often do not follow instructions.

It has been reported recently that patients who have had near-fatal asthma attacks may have a reduced perception of shortness of breath.These patients may also have less response to reduced blood oxygen levels. These characteristics would make fatal attacks more likely. By carefully monitoring peak flows, these patients stand a better chance of recognizing the increased narrowing of airways that signals an asthma attack. When flows are reduced 25 percent from the patient's personal best, action must be taken at once. Written instructions help ensure an appropriate response.

Who Is Most Likely to Experience a Near-Fatal Attack?

Patients who have already experienced a severe attack that required respiratory support are the likeliest candidates for fatal asthmatic attacks.

When respiratory support is needed, the patient's airway or windpipe is intubated with a tube connected to a mechanical ventilator or respirator. Another characteristic that identifies "high-risk&" patients is an extremely variable or unstable airflow. These patients may have peak flows that drop or increase precipitously. Patients who have required frequent courses of oral corticosteroids or who are maintained on oral steroids should also be considered at greater risk for severe attacks.

About 10 to 25 percent of all deaths from asthma occur within three hours after the onset of an attack. These patients may progress from minimal sYmptoms to a collapse of their respirations in a short time. Investigators term this malady "sudden asphyxic asthma." For most patients there is a longer period during which the patient and physician can detect deterioration and instability and act quickly to avoid severe and near-fatal episodes. Without careful home monitoring of peak flows and close communication and compliance with physician instructions, patients who are at high risk for severe asthmatic attacks are likely to experience repeated episodes.




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Wednesday, May 21, 2008

Identification Of Asthma

Asthma (pronounced AZ-muh) is defined in the book "Essential Allergy", by Mygind, Dahl, Pedersen, and Thestrup-Pedersen as "A lung disease characterised by: 1. variable and reversible airway obstruction; 2. airway inflammation; and 3. bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that makes bronchial passages that make up one's airways particularly sensitive to irritants. It is primarily characterized by breathing difficulties. Asthma is a highly-ranked chronic health condition for adults in a majority of western countries. It is also the leading chronic illness afflicting children. Asthma cannot be cured. However, most patients can control it so that they suffer only minimal and infrequent symptoms and they can live an active life.

If you suffer from asthma, managing it is an important part of your life. Controlling your asthma entails avoiding things that bother your airways and taking medicines under your doctor's direction. With daily asthma control, serious symptoms can be prevented and it is possible to participate in all normal activities. When asthma is not well-controlled, your symptoms may cause you to miss school or work and may keep you from enjoying other activities.

Asthma sufferers have hyper-responsive or very sensitive airways. An asthma episode, or, in severe cases, an asthma attack occurs when a person experiences a worsening of their asthma symptoms. During an asthma attack, the smooth muscles around the bronchial tubes contract, narrowing airway openings thereby restricting air flow. As inflammation increases, the airways become more swollen and increasingly narrow. Cells in the airways also overproduce mucus, which further narrows the airways. These airway changes cause the asthma symptoms. It becomes difficult for air to pass in and out of the lungs and blood-oxygen levels decrease.

This narrowing of the air passages is due to different combinations of:

* swelling of the airway lining caused by airway inflammation
* excessive mucus in airways
* contraction of muscles around the air passages

Not all asthma attacks are created equally. Some are more severe than others. In a severe asthma attack, the airways can close to the extent that vital organs do not receive enough oxygen. This condition constitutes a medical emergency. It is possible die from a severe asthma attack. Suffering from an asthma attack has been compared to the sensation of drowning. Sufferers of an asthma attack describe symptoms such as a tightness in the chest, wheezing or whistling noises in the chest, coughing, breathlessness, and breathing difficulties that occur as the airways become narrowed, inflamed, and blocked by mucus. An asthma attack can flare up suddenly. However, asthma sufferers learn to recognize those warning signs that signal an attack. These indicators include an itchy nose or skin, dizziness or light-headedness, or an irritating cough. Learning the warning signs is essential to alert a sufferer to take preventive action, such as medication in time to avoid an attack. Because of this asthma sufferers should have regular contact with their physician. They need to educate themselves as to what things cause a worsening of their asthma symptoms methods to use to avoid them. Additionally, your doctor will prescribe medicines to manage your asthma.

In the Western world, about one in thirteen adults and one in eight children have asthma and rates are on the rise. It can affect anyone, any place, at any age. In the developed world asthma is becoming increasingly common and is presently the most common chronic condition in the west. Major contributing factors are thought to be aspects of our modern environment such as air pollution, processed foods, and centrally heated, double-glazed houses which are an ideal breeding grounds for house dust mites. Because it is considered a chronic condition, that means that attacks can occur over a long period of time. Although there are times when asthmatics suffer acute episodes, the majority asthma sufferers report that there are long periods during which they suffer few, if any,symptoms. Asthma can change progressively during the lifetime of the asthma sufferer. For example, children may grow out of asthma, but of these, some redevelop asthma at a later age.

Medications, such as those resembling two naturally-occurring hormones, help asthma. These two hormones are adrenaline or, in the United States, epinephrine and the steroid hydrocortisone. There are additional drugs which help treat asthma. Though drugs can remove all of the symptoms for a mild asthma sufferer, more severe or long-standing cases of asthma generally do not get such good results. To combat this, alternate medications have been developed. Over time, lifelong asthma sufferers see a decrease in the effectiveness of medications in removing the obstruction of the airways. One of the current treatment goals is to minimize the inflammation in the lung passages as this is thought to precipitate this long-term decline.



By: Barbara Brown

Monday, May 19, 2008

Asthma Attacks - What To Do

When a person with asthma experiences a sudden worsening of his or her asthma symptoms it is called an asthma attack. During an asthma attack, the smooth muscles around the bronchial tubes in the lungs contract, making the airway openings more narrow. Less air can flow through these openings and inflammation of the lungs is a result. This inflammation quickly increases and the airways become more swollen. Mucus production by the cells in the airways increases more than usual and this narrows the airways even further. These changes to the airways cause the symptoms of asthma, notably wheezing and difficulty in breathing.

When you are with someone who is having an asthma attack there are things you can do to help them. First of all you should remove the victim from the cause of the attack. This will be a certain allergen such as pollen in the air or on the skin, smoke, or other strong odors. Keep the victim calm, comfortable, and sitting upright.

If the asthma attack victim has not already used a rescue inhaler, ask the person if he or she has an inhaler and assist the victim with the inhaler, if necessary. A rescue inhaler is the best first aid for asthma attacks. It is important that you use the rescue inhaler prescribed to the asthma attack victim and not use someone else's inhaler.

In the event that there is no rescue inhaler to use or if the asthma symptoms do not improve after administering the inhaler, you can also use steam to help the victim. Run very hot water from a faucet and have the person inhale the steam being careful not to touch the scalding water. Help the victim focus on their breathing and pucker their lips when he or she exhales.

If an asthma attack is severe then it may be possible that all of the preceding steps will not decrease the asthma symptoms. In this event, or when a rescue inhaler is not present, you may need to call for emergency medical help. The information given here is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment. If someone you know or love has asthma it is important to learn all you can about this condition so that you can help the person in the event of an asthma attack.


By: Daniel Lanicek

Monday, May 5, 2008

Asthma Types and Its Symptoms

Asthma can happen to anybody. Asthma starts at all ages. If Asthma is detected in childhood, that is between the ages of two to six, it is mainly due to the exposure to allergens, pollens, smoke and dust particles or mites.
It is very difficult to diagnose whether the child has asthma or not. In many cases, the child shows symptoms which resemble the onset of asthma, but when observed carefully, the child does not get asthma. Adults may also get asthma. The main reason behind getting asthma in adults is respiratory tract infection.

There are two types of asthma.

1. Extrinsic 2. Intrinsic

Extrinsic asthma is the most common type of asthma seen in asthma patients. Extrinsic asthma develops due to allergies and allergens. Extrinsic asthma develops during childhood, since children are most susceptible to allergies. Most allergies in children are due to hay fever, eczema or family history of allergies.

These allergies disappear as the child grows up and so does asthma, but they may reappear in later stages of life. Intrinsic type of asthma occurs mostly in women who are in their 30s. It is not associated with allergies and intrinsic type of asthma is more chronic and perennial.

The cause of intrinsic asthma can be traced to respiratory tract infections. Asthma also has categorizations based on the intensity of the disease Asthma can be mild, moderate and severe Mild asthma is found in 30% of the patients.

Patients with mild asthma do not have frequent attacks and can be cured or minimized with some precautions in dietary habits and lifestyle and a periodic checkup. These sorts of people do not need attention at all times and are self-supporting in case of an attack.

There is almost an equal percentage of people who have moderate asthma. These patients have moderately mild attacks and have the attacks more frequently. Proper medication and precautions must be taken to help the patient remain healthy.

Severe asthma patients require urgent medical attention, as the attacks are frequent and severe. The symptoms of Asthma are almost the same in all cases.

The intensity and the frequency of such attacks increase. Asthma is definitely curable and the frequency of attacks can be minimized with proper support and precautions.

Visit Bjorn Gutter's website at http://asthma--treatment.blogspot.com

Tuesday, April 22, 2008

Going on the Offensive with Asthma in Children

Any condition or disease that affects children seems a lot worse for us as parents. While we only want the best for our kids, were almost powerless to protect them when facing many health-related conditions like asthma. Once a condition such as asthma has been diagnosed however, we can do everything in our power to see to it that they get the proper care that can make all the difference in their quality of life.

Asthma and other respiratory conditions are some of the bigger challenges parents can face. The reason is that asthma is a chronic condition that won't go away by simply taking medication. It's a long term illness that demands changes in a families lifestyle and living conditions if the asthmatic child is to live a normal life. While there seems to be severities of asthma, all cases demand special care.

Kids have been known to seemingly "grow out of" childhood asthma. It may be that their bodies have developed a way to overcome many of the triggers and sensitivities, or their respiratory tract has matured. Regardless of the reason, although not an honest cure, anything that results in fewer asthma attacks is a reason to celebrate

Asthma is especially difficult because of it's ongoing chronic nature. Respiratory conditions such as asthma can strike literally at any time and any place. Although very disconcerting to parents, adults can limit the severity and time of an episode by making certain that needed medications are available at the right time.

It's also very possible to lower the number and severity of attacks simply by limiting the exposure to the various things that can trigger an asthma event. You can pick up a free report on how to eliminate asthma triggers in your home by using the site link below.

Asthma in children can strike at any age and affects both boys and girls. Children can develop an asthma condition from any age even as little as a few months old. If you have a new little one, be certain to schedule all those well baby checkups. As asthma is a chronic illness, the earlier it can be identified and managed, the less damage it may cause.

Research has indicated that some asthma may also be hereditary in nature. If you or your spouse have asthma, the likelihood that your child may also have the disease increases but is not an absolutely certainty. Remember though that asthma can be successfully treated, managed, and kept under control. Although living with asthma or any persistent condition is not fun, the key is to be prepared, limit exposure to asthma triggers and plan to live a full and rich life with your asthmatic child.


Abigail Franks has done extensive research into Asthma,Allergies, and their triggers. Visit the Asthma site for more information on Childhood Asthma and Asthma Treatments

Tuesday, April 15, 2008

Asthma - Causes and Caution Tips

Today million of people are suffering from asthma. Thousands of them lose their lives every year; about 20% of the total death cases are children. Let us take some preventive measures, which can help save lives of our dear ones.

Asthma is a chronic lung condition that can develop at any age. Asthma is an inflammation of airways that makes it difficult to breathe. It is one of the most common respiratory disease in children and adults as well and more than 10-15% children are suffering from this disease and statistics are getting worse every year. There is an increase in deaths recorded due to asthma every year. Today, asthma is emerging as an epidemic.

Normally, when we breathe, the muscles which are wrapped around our air tubes (also known as airways) are loose and in relaxed state, and the lining inside the airways is very thin, allowing the airways to open up very wide which makes it easy to get air in and out of the lungs (air sacs) i.e. when everything is normal, the muscles wrapping the airways are thin and loose, the airways are wide open to allow more air pass through them and we can breathe easily.

During an asthma attack, the muscles around the airways tighten and the lining inside the airways swell or thicken, and gets clogged with thick mucous. This narrowing or obstruction of the airways makes it harder to move air in and out of the air sacs, which in turn makes difficult to breathe. The air gets trapped in lungs and it becomes very difficult to breathe out.

Initially, the narrowing or obstruction of airways causes one or combinations of symptoms, which are: wheezing, shortness of breathing, coughing, chest tightens, uneasy feeling etc.

In medical terms related to asthma, anything that causes an asthma attack is called a trigger. Some known triggers causing asthma attack are: dust mites, cold air, exercise, air pollutants, animals, smoke, intense emotions, pollens, molds, viral infections (viral infection is one of the most common cause of asthma in people) etc. It is observed that a person diagnosed with asthma may respond to the above-enlisted triggers in different manner than the other person having asthma.

It is always better to stay in a clean environment and stay away from the triggers that cause asthma attack. If it is found that anything or any animal is acting as a trigger in asthma attacks, then that thing or animal should be removed from your environment at the earliest.

If you find it difficult to breathe and suspect to have asthma symptoms, you should see your doctor as soon as possible. Visit your doctor regularly and ask for proper guidance if you are diagnosed with asthma. Your doctor will prescribe you medications and will guide you according to the severity of your asthma. There are several tests that you will have to undergo. Your doctor may conduct several tests like Spirometry, Peak flow test, Chest X-Rays, Allergy Tests, Skin Prick Tests, Blood Tests, Physical Examinations etc. to understand a detailed picture of your condition.

People who are diagnosed with asthma can live a normal, healthy and an active life with the help of proper medications, changing living habits and lifestyle. Take your medications regularly as directed by your doctor, to keep asthma under control. Prepare an action plan, which will help you understand what you should do when you get an attack and when your condition gets worse. People staying with asthma patients should also learn which steps they have to follow in case of emergencies.

There is no cure for asthma, but it is always possible to bring asthma under control and asthma attacks can be prevented. You just need to be careful, alert and play your role as per the situation.

Article By Shalaka Bhosale

Thursday, March 20, 2008

Eliminate Asthma Permanently

Asthmaknife. Announces Asthma Permanent Solution Program

Illinois, Chicago, March 06 – Until now, Asthma treatment had been focused on management of the related symptoms. Asthma Permanent Solution Program eliminates asthma permanently.

Asthmaknife is currently treating patients with extremely severe of just even severe asthma condition. Asthma Permanent Solution Program is the result of 37 years of continued clinical research on chronic diseases with a consistently proven effectiveness especially in children.

AsthmaKnife had recently launched the first Telemedicine Website for Asthmatic Patients helping many people around the world avoiding traveling and exposing to contaminated environments while recovering, restoring and optimizing properly their lungs functions.

Trough the Asthma Permanent Solution Program asthmatic patients have the opportunity to have a plenty life avoiding the use of desperate measures and techniques like Bronchial Thermoplasty.

The Asthma Permanent Solution Program makes the bronchi to become stronger in order to resist any kind of aggressions (triggers) instead of just treating the bronchospasm suppressing only the inflammatory process incurs on Asthma attacks.

Any asthmatic interested to enroll into the Asthma Permanent Solution program should contact first the Asthmaknife help center at www.asthmaknife.com in order to be evaluated and accepted.

Asthmaknife is leaded by Federico Arevalo MD, Director of the Chronic Disease Center Former Fellow of the National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, Bethesda Md., at the Chicago Medical School. Former Fellow of the Hoekton Institute for Medical Research Former Fellow of Pediatrics, Cook County Hospital, Chicago Illinois Former Research Associate, Department of Pediatrics R&E Hospital, University of Illinois, Chicago Publications: American Journal of Physiology, Circulation Research, American Hearth Journal, others.

Contact: Chris Wilhelm, director of PR chris.wilhelm@asthmaknife.com http://www.asthmaknife.com

Monday, March 17, 2008

Be Careful And You Will Prevent An Asthma Attack

Many persons who have asthma are not aware of the seriousness of an asthma attack, due to their misinformation or even their ignorance regarding their disease. The beginning of the asthma attack is indicated by a wheezing noise while you are breathing. When the wheezing stops, the next step of the asthma attack is the blockage of many of the bronchioles. This is a serious problem that should not be ignored.

The real facts are that not all asthmatic persons wheeze in their first stage of their asthma attacks. They can have an asthma attack and not even know it, and realizing it too late to do something about it. That is why we will present you other symptoms that can lead you into realizing that you are on a verge to have a severe asthma attack. It can start with a continuous cough; an accelerated breath and you might feel a pressure or a pain in your chest.
“The person experiencing an asthma attack will feel how the chest muscles are contracting and it is possible to inhibit the ability of speaking”
The person experiencing an asthma attack will feel how the chest muscles are contracting and it is possible to inhibit the ability of speaking.

The panic is slowly taking over the asthmatic's mind and body, causing him anxiety feelings and his/her face and fingers will turn blue. When this happens it is the sign that shows that the quantity of oxygen from the blood has dramatically decreased and it will lose his consciousness and can even be in fatal danger. These symptoms could easily aggravate if the medication is not administrated in time, with a powerful dosage.

How can we prevent this from happening? Be informed about all the symptoms that are warning signs of an asthma attack and stay away from any releasing or allergenic factors. Do not underestimate the seriousness of those symptoms: they can cost you your life. Any frequent night coughs, short moments of losing your breath, excessive tiredness, are NOT NORMAL!

Even smaller signs must not be ignored: if you feel tired and moody all the time, if you cannot sleep and you are wheezing and coughing each time you do physical activities, you must go to your physician and check the status of your health, in order to find out if you are an asthmatic person.

If you will do this, you can use those early signs of asthma attacks for your benefit, because learning them means learning about dealing with the asthma attack and, consequently, saving your life.





You can learn much more about Asthma Prevention by visiting the Asthma Symptom Site which provides comprehensive and up to date help and advice on all Asthma issues. Clive thoroughly recommends this site so make sure you check it out today here: - http://www.asthmasymptomonline.com.

Wednesday, March 5, 2008

The Mystery of Thunderstorm-related Asthma

Thunderstorm-related asthma simply refers to the triggering or worsening of asthma due to rainfall or thunderstorm. Thunderstorms have been linked to asthma epidemics, particularly during the pollen seasons. A few of these epidemics have been well documented, including the epidemic of 24/25 June 1994 in southern and central England. Asthma epidemics associated with some thunderstorms have been found to contribute significantly to the number of hospital attendances for asthma given the appropriate meteorological conditions. The environmental changes found to be important are a sudden change in air temperature and a sudden rise in grass pollen concentration. Individuals who are affected are more likely to have a history of hayfever and much more likely to be allergic to rye grass; they are also less likely to be taking inhaled corticosteroids at the time of the thunderstorm.
The mechanisms behind thunderstorm asthma are not well established as it is caused by a combination of many factors. However, thunderstorms are known to have a marked effect on pollens, fungal spores, as well as dust and smoke particles. Although representing a small proportion of airborne particles present in the atmosphere, pollen grains can be causative agents of allergic respiratory responses in individuals who are allergic to pollens. Some grass allergen (for example, ryegrass allergen) is located on the surface of starch granules within pollen grains. A single pollen grain contains up to 700 starch granules of 0.6 to 2.5 um (small enough to reach the lower airways in the lung). When it rains or is humid, pollen grains can absorb moisture and burst, releasing hundreds of small allergenic particles that can penetrate deep into the small airways of the lung. It is also thought that an increased release of fungal spores may occur after a thunderstorm or heavy rainfall, thereby precipitating asthma. According to a study carried out by Celenza et al (1996), based on the asthma epidemic, which occurred in London on 24 and 25 June 1994 after a thunderstorm, it was noted that lightning strikes, rainfall, drop in air temperature, air pressure, and humidity seemed to be related to the onset of the asthma epidemic.

According to D'Amato et al (2007), the characteristics of described epidemics of thunderstorm-associated asthma can be summarized as follows: 1. A link exists between asthma epidemics and thunderstorm. 2. Epidemics related to thunderstorm are dependent on seasons when there are high atmospheric concentrations of airborne allergenic pollens. 3. The start of the thunderstorm has a close temporal association with the onset of epidemics. 4. Subjects with pollen allergy, who stay indoors with closed windows during thunderstorm, are not usually affected. 5. Subjects who are not under correct anti-asthma treatment are at a major risk whilst subjects with allergic rhinitis and those without previous asthma can experience severe bronchoconstriction (constriction of the bronchial air passages).

Precautions to take in the event of a thunderstorm 1. Watch out and listen closely for weather reports. 2. Be aware that thunderstorms could trigger your asthma. 3. Increase you preventer inhaler, in consultation with your doctor or nurse, and seek medical attention if you experience an extreme attack. 4. Keep a close eye on your condition either by taking regular peak flow readings or recording your symptoms.


References 1. Venables KM, et al. Thunderstorm-related asthma - the epidemic of 24/25 June 1994. Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27: 725-736. 2. Wark PAB, Simpson J, Hensley MJ, Gibson PG. Airway inflammation in thunderstorm asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32: 1750-1756. 3. Celenza A, Fothergill J, Kupek E, Shaw RJ. Thunderstorm associated asthma: a detailed analysis of environmental factors. BMJ 1996; 312: 604-607. 4. Campbell-Hewson G, Egleston CV, Sherriff HM, Robsinson SM, Allitt U. Epidemic of asthma possibly associated with electrical storms. BMJ 1994; 309: 1086-1087. 5. D'Amato G, Liccardi G, Frengueli G. Thunderstorm-asthma and pollen allergy. Allergy 2007; 62: 11-16.

Learn more about asthma by visiting our Asthma Learning Centre.

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About the Author
BSc (Hons) Pharmacology MSc. Pharmaceutical Science with Management Studies

Monday, February 25, 2008

Asthma Treatment -- How To Help Someone Having An Attack

Our existence depends on breath -- and an acute asthma attack can make it almost impossible to breathe. No wonder these attacks are so scary for both the affected person and for onlookers.

Knowing the basics of asthma treatment is essential when trying to help someone experiencing an attack.

Maybe you are having dinner with a friend and all of a sudden, she looks panic stricken and gasps for breath. Or perhaps your children’s friends have come over to your house and your daughter screams that her best friend can’t breathe.

Do you know how to deal with these situations? If you are able to provide the right asthma treatment, it might possibly save someone’s life.

Here are key facts you should know.

* During a bout of asthma, patients find it easier to breathe while sitting up than lying down. So help them get into a comfortable sitting position.

* Most asthma patients know what they need to do to deal with an attack. So it is best to ask them. Ask if they have an inhaler and where it is. If they don’t have one, ask them if you should call for help.

Many asthma patients carry not only an inhaler, but a written instruction card as well. An asthma attack can temporarily rob the patient of his ability to speak.

In such situations, an instruction card explaining what needs to be done can be invaluable. If there is such a card, just do as it says.

* Help them use the inhaler. An inhaler is designed to deliver a specific dose of asthma medication. The medication relaxes the patient’s airways and helps restore normal breathing.

Medication is so important that in case the patient doesn’t have his or her inhaler available, most doctors say that it is ok to use someone else’s. Nothing else you can do has nearly the same effect as taking the right medication.

In general, you should give two to four puffs of the inhaler and then wait for about five minutes for the next dose.

Position the mouthpiece of the inhaler between the patient’s lips. Let him know when you are about to give a puff so that he can breathe in at the same time.

Wait for several seconds before you deliver another puff. Or until he lets you know he is ready for the next one.

You can use a spacer to help the person inhale the medicine over the course of several breaths, instead of one breath. This device sits between the inhaler and the person’s mouth and can hold the medicine in place between breaths.

If a spacer is not available, you can make one by rolling up some paper to create a tube.

* Once you’ve given medication, observe the patient for several minutes. Is it getting easier for him to breathe?

* If it appears that they are not responding to the medication within ten minutes, call an ambulance. And continue to deliver about four puffs of medication every five minutes while waiting for the ambulance.

The medication will help prevent the asthma attack from getting worse even if it doesn’t seem to provide immediate relief.

* Stay calm throughout the episode. This will help the patient remain calm as well. If he panics, it will worsen the asthma attack and make it far more difficult for him to breathe.

So talk to him calmly, to reinforce the feeling that everything is under control. This is vitally important.

Being aware of these asthma treatment basics will help you deal effectively with many emergency situations.



Jane Peters is a lecturer and has written on a variety of topics. For useful information on asthma types, high blood pressure and more, see the foregoing links.

Wednesday, February 20, 2008

Asthma - Preventing An Asthma Attack

About one in 15 people has asthma, a chronic condition whose symptoms are attacks of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. There is no cure for asthma, but most people can control the condition and lead normal, active lives.
Different things set off asthma attacks in different people. Smoke from cigarettes or a fire, air pollution, cold air, pollen, animals, house dust, molds, strong smells such as perfume or bus exhaust, wood dust, exercise, industrial chemicals--all can trigger an attack.

Asthma cannot be cured, but most people with asthma can control it so that they have few and infrequent symptoms and can live active lives.

Asthma attacks are not all the same—some are worse than others. In a severe asthma attack, the airways can close so much that not enough oxygen gets to vital organs. This condition is a medical emergency. People can die from severe asthma attacks.

Taking care of your asthma is an important part of your life. Controlling it means working closely with your doctor to learn what to do, staying away from things that bother your airways, taking medicines as directed by your doctor, and monitoring your asthma so that you can respond quickly to signs of an attack. By controlling your asthma every day, you can prevent serious symptoms and take part in all activities.

Asthma Symptoms

owheezing oshortness of breath or trouble breathing ocoughing, either during the day or at night, but often worse at night and with exercise and activity ochest pain or chest tightness odecreases in your child's usual or predicted peak flow or poor performance on pulmonary function tests

Preventing an Asthma Attack

House dust exposure can be lessened by using bare floors, vacuuming frequently, and changing furnace and air cooler filters frequently. You should avoid using feather, wool, or foam bedding. Use polyester pillows and plastic covers over your mattress.

It's important to avoid all triggers to prevent having an asthma attack. Below are resources to help you manage asthma, tips to help you recognize an asthma attack and advice on planning ahead.

The best way to prevent an asthma attack is to avoid your triggers as much as possible. It's also important to learn how to recognize what might be known as your "early warning signs" of an impending asthma attack. These are symptoms that happen just before an asthma attack begins. They tell you that your condition is about to worsen,or get out of control.

They might include things such as a frequent cough, especially during the nighttime hours, getting short of breath more easily, increased peak flow meter readings, feeling extra tired when you're active, a change in mood toward the negative, and trouble sleeping. You might also notice signs of a cold, such as nasal stuffiness, sore throat, sneezing, or runny nose. If you notice any of these symptoms, take action quickly to prevent an asthma attack.

Regular physical activity is important for good health. Keep your environment clear of potential allergens. Don’t smoke because smoking is always a bad idea for the lungs. Cromolyn and nedocromil, which are used to treat mild persistent asthma.

Theophylline, which is used either alone to treat mild persistent asthma Leukotriene modifiers, which are used either alone to treat mild persistent asthma.

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